Huntington, Samuel P, Franklyn Holzman, Richard Portes, John Kiser, Maurice J. Mountain, and Robert Klitgaard. "Trade, Technology, and Leverage: Economic Diplomacy." Foreign Policy v. 32 (1978): 63-106.

An effective and realistic approach to US-Soviet economic relations today must reflect the key characteristics of the current phase of the superpower relationship. This phase differs significantly form the wold war period, lasting roughly from the mid 1940s to the mid 1960s, which was characterized by intense competition between the Soviet Union and the United States, by the general primacy of American power – political, economic, and military – and by a high degree of polarization in international affairs. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, however, a major change in the relationship occurred. Among other developments, the Soviets achieved strategic parity with the United States, the Sino-Soviet split intensified, the United States consciously reduced its role in world affairs, and there was a relaxation in Soviet-American tensions known as detente. These transition years lasted until about 1973. Since then Soviet-American relations have entered a new phase – in effect, Era II – which differs in many fundamental respects from both the cold war period or Era I and the brief years of transition.”

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